Scheme integrity is a cornerstone of reliable accreditation processes, ensuring that the schemes used in accredited conformity assessments are robust, technically valid, and consistently applied. Scheme integrity is managed at the United Kingdom Accreditation Service (UKAS) by the Development and Scheme Integrity Team, which oversees both the development of new accreditation approaches and the ongoing review of schemes to ensure they meet the required standards. UKAS has implemented a comprehensive approach to scheme integrity, offering practical guidance and resources for Conformity Assessment Bodies (CABs), scheme owners, and stakeholders.
What is a scheme
A scheme is a structured and documented framework that defines the requirements, processes, and outcomes for conformity assessment activities. These activities may relate to products, services, processes, or individuals.
Schemes are designed to provide a consistent and reliable framework for assessing conformity. According to ISO 17067, a guidance document on conformity assessment schemes, a scheme encompasses the systems, rules, and technical requirements used to evaluate and certify products, services, processes, or individuals. While currently focused on ISO 17065, ISO 17067 is under review to expand its applicability across other standards, aiming to enhance consistency and reliability.
Key elements of a scheme include:
- Core technical requirements: The fundamental criteria against which conformity is assessed, such as standards, specifications, or regulations.
- Management rules: Processes governing the application, evaluation, and certification cycle, including prerequisites, timelines, and surveillance activities.
- Evaluation methods: Specific procedures used to assess conformity, such as examinations, site visits, or documentation reviews.
- Certification periods and renewal: Clear guidelines on certification duration, surveillance intervals, and recertification processes.
- Complaints and appeals mechanisms: Procedures for addressing disputes or appeals related to certification decisions.
Louise Sanders, Head of Development and Scheme Integrity at UKAS, uses an onion analogy to explain a scheme’s structure. The “core” represents the technical requirements, while the outer “layers” cover management processes, surveillance activities, and evaluation methods. These layers ensure that schemes are consistent, reliable, and transparent.
Schemes must also:
- Clearly identify the scheme owner, a legal entity responsible for the development and maintenance of the scheme.
- Include non-discriminatory conditions to ensure fairness and accessibility for all participants.
- Address specific competency requirements for individuals or organisations delivering the scheme.
- Specify how information and reporting will flow between CABs, accreditation bodies, and scheme owners.
As Sanders emphasises: “A scheme is essentially a handbook—a comprehensive guide that outlines what participants must do, how assessments will be conducted, and how results will be managed. Ensuring this documentation is clear and complete is vital to maintaining integrity.”
UKAS recognition of schemes
UKAS recognises schemes through a structured process that ensures they meet stringent requirements for consistency, reliability, and technical validity. While UKAS does not develop schemes directly, it collaborates with scheme owners to verify that their frameworks are robust and suitable for use in accredited conformity assessment activities. Recognised schemes are then delivered by accredited Conformity Assessment Bodies (CABs), ensuring impartial application across industries.
The recognition process involves evaluating scheme documentation, management systems, and technical requirements to confirm alignment with relevant standards. Scheme recognition supports public confidence by ensuring that accredited activities are performed consistently and to a high standard. By bridging national and international requirements, UKAS recognition enhances the credibility and applicability of schemes across diverse sectors.
The scheme integrity process
UKAS’s scheme integrity process is designed to maintain high standards across all schemes. Key steps include:
- Scheme review: All schemes are reviewed at least once every four years or whenever significant updates are made. Reviews ensure schemes remain technically valid, reliable, and fit for purpose.
- Scheme owner agreements: Scheme owners must formalise their responsibilities by signing agreements with UKAS, including requirements to notify UKAS of changes.
- Scheme directory: UKAS maintains a comprehensive directory of over 1,700 recognised schemes to enhance transparency and accessibility.
Kristel Smith, Accreditation Specialist at UKAS, emphasises: “Scheme owners must ensure that any updates are reviewed by UKAS before implementation. This maintains the integrity and reliability of the accreditation process.”
Practical considerations and timelines:
- Scheme reviews are typically completed within 1-2 months, depending on complexity and the availability of technical experts.
- Costs for reviews vary based on the scheme’s scope and resources required, with scheme owners bearing responsibility for associated expenses.
Actionable takeaways
- Stay informed: Regularly review applicable standards and update scheme documentation to align with current requirements.
- Engage early: Contact UKAS to discuss planned changes or new schemes to ensure timely reviews and recognition.
- Utilise UKAS resources: Leverage tools like the Scheme Readiness Tool and guidance documents to streamline the accreditation process.
- Collaborate with UKAS: Build strong communication with the UKAS Scheme Integrity team to address questions and ensure compliance.
Explore UKAS resources and events
UKAS offers a wealth of resources to support scheme owners and CABs in achieving reliable and robust accreditation. Tools, templates, and guidance documents are readily available on the UKAS website, along with information on upcoming training sessions and webinars.
Regular webinars provide further insights into scheme integrity, accreditation processes, and ISO standards. These events are an excellent opportunity to engage with UKAS experts and gain practical knowledge. For more information, visit the UKAS website or contact the Scheme Integrity team directly at [email protected].
By maintaining high standards of scheme integrity, UKAS ensures that accreditation delivers tangible value and builds trust across industries, supporting a culture of quality and consistency.